Research on Historical Background and Specifications and Landscape of Kerman Harandi Garden

Iranian garden indicates a close relation between cultural and natural beds and is a sign of adjusting and aligning human needs and nature. Iranian historical gardens are among important traces remained from past, which involve all senses due to multiple environmental values, productivity, and aesthetics. As a national heritage and a valuable document of cultural and historical identity, it is required to be continuously surveyed, protected, and maintained. The simplest and most prevalent geometric form of Iranian garden, such as Ghajar era gardens, includes an axis in the center parallel to longitudinal sides and usually in both sides of this axis, shadowy trees were planted. The geometric form of these gardens is often quadrilateral and they were designed in symmetry towards the central axis. In Ghajar era, multiple gardens had been constructed in Kerman, among these gardens is Kerman Harandi Garden and some studies have been performed by Cultural Heritage Organization for national registration and reclaiming of this garden. Since there is no study published scientifically, necessity of a study of specifying the garden history, specifications, and current status was felt. For this purpose, a historical descriptive research method was performed using present documents in various inscriptions and field study. The informed people were surveyed. The results of this study showed that Kerman Harandi Garden is placed out of the city at the time of construction, but now placed in the City Center. Its primary application had been residential recreational. Iranian garden is the general template of this garden, main building is in two floors, about one third of north of main axis. Its architecture is inspired with Ghajar Era Architecture and French Architecture at that time. Its irrigation system had been through well using Gavgard and also flume water.