Analysing the roots of formation of Islamic state in Syria and Iraq (ISSI)

Daesh abbreviated Extremist group called the Islamic State of Syria and Iraq and the Levant, which is active in Syria and Iraq (ISSI). In the past two years, the group has managed to occupy large parts of Iraq and Syria. In fact, Daesh continued Salafi groups led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in Iraq Jihad who was active in his declarations rely on Ibn Taymiyya’s fatwa. This extremist group is known for its harsh interpretation of Islam and its violence. Daesh, because of the social formation, ideology, organization and operation, as well as external forces involved, has attracted the attention of many researchers and analysts. Of course, not possible to address such a complex phenomenon, regardless of the internal variables of both Syria and Iraq, as well as the interests of external actors. Hence, the present study tries to answer the question, what is the area of domestic and international Daesh formation and the crisis in Syria and Iraq? The findings suggest that a combination of internal and external factors have played a role in the Daesh formation and development of the crisis in Syria and Iraq. In other words, Saudi Wahhabi teachings and social crises, economic and cultural communities on the one hand and involvement of external actors and their regional allies to maintain its position in the new balance of power following the popular movements in the other hand, has led to the formation of the Salafist Group Extremist and unsafe area.