Paradoxical Techniques in Aesthetics

Abstract: In terms of structure, aesthetic paradoxes in Persian literature can be divided into two categories of interpretational and combinational. Each of these paradoxes include seven types: based on metaphor, simile, metonymy, allusion, planar image, amphibology and exaggeration. These expressive and innovative techniques are beautiful by their nature however, their beauty and effectiveness are multiplied when expressed paradoxically. In the aesthetic paradoxes, poets could speak to their simple and non-paradoxical figure of speech, e.g. they could say "free lover" instead of "free slave", and "scattered group" instead of "scattered gathering", but they have intentionally brought them in paradox forms to draw the reader's attention to the paradoxical statements, arouse his surprise and make him feel pleasure. In this paper, various kinds of aesthetic paradoxes in Persian literature have been reviewed and evaluated.