Foundations of Philosophical Immortality of the Soul and It's Realationship to Prove Afterworld, and to Criticize Theories of Western Philosophers on Mortality of the Soul

Since the time of Plato, subject of mortality or immortality of the soul has been debated by philosophers. Plato, in the book of Fideon, pointed to immortality of the soul but Farabi for the first time in Islamic philosophy pointed to the issue of survival of the soul after the body is dead, then Ibn Sina and others argued to survival of the soul after annihilation of the body. Generally, from foundations and reasons of Ibn Sina, Suhrawardi, Tosi and Mulla Sadra, it could be obtained eight philosophical and rational foundations for immortality of the soul. In this paper, I asserted all these foundations reasonabily and with logical order to prove immortality of the soul and these foundations are straight realationship to prove the aferworld. In opposite of reasons of Islamic philosophers in immortality of the soul, some western philosophers like Hume, Russlle and Antony Flow, gave reasons to mortality of the soul which here all of them are quoted and criticized.