Review of the Conflict Between Evils and Some Divine Attributes Based on Transcendental Wisdom

Some of what occurred in the world is not in harmony with human feelings and comprehension. In the first place, proofs and believe in the existence of an omnipotent, righteous and all-good God is undeniable. This problem is divided to some sections: contradiction between evil and monotheism, divine wisdom, divine justice and the best possible world, which are considered in this study as contradictory between evils and omnificent God, evils and divine wisdom, evils and divine justice, and evils and the best possible world. In each section, each problem will be met based on Transcendental Wisdom of Mulla Sadra. As we see, in his point of view, evils are of a kind of absence, which is not real and objective being, and when evilness ascribed to a thing this is because of comparison of that thing to others, or because of the effect of absence of that thing on nonbeing of a desired essence or imperfectness of that essence. Thus, evil is relative and is not direct effect of God's will. For Mulla Sadra, evil only pertaining to material world, therefore, can not be a disproof of the existence of the best possible world and perfection of God. Because evil implicit in this world. Otherwise, world of matter is not the very same and this order of things cannot be formed. From Transcendental Wisdom point of view, the only real thing is existence, and existence always is good; so evil can be retraced to good and therefore to the very essence of beings.