An Examination of the Barriers to Women's Participating in Managerial Levels of Education Organization in Iran

The present research aimed to examine the barriers to women's participation in managerial levels in Education Organization from the viewpoints of middle-level managers in Iran. The research was conducted in a descriptive-survey framework and the population included all male and female middle managers, among whom 300 applicants (150 persons for every gender) were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. The data were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were statistically confirmed. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (as mean, standard deviation and frequency) in addition to inferential statistics including one-sample t-test, independent t-test, Spearman correlation coefficient and Friedman test were employed. The results showed that, of all seven supposedly compelling factors, applicants considered personality and incompetence as ineffective factors in women employment in Education Organization while attitudinal, sociocultural, historical-religious, administrative and governmental factors were reported as effective in their employing in managerial levels. In addition, the results of means’ comparison proved that the highest means belonged to political, administrative, historical-religious, sociocultural, attitudinal, personality and incompetence factors respectively.