Evaluation of Causes and Early Complications of Tracheostomy in the Patients Admitted to ICU of Amir-al-Momenin Hospital of Zabol from 2010-2016

Introduction & Tracheostomy is one of the major ways of handling problems of the upper airway system, which a temporary incision is made in the anterior wall of the trachea in order to exchange air. Choosing the best time for tracheostomy and its outcomes in critically ill patients are still controversial. In past, the most common indication of tracheostomy was obstruction due to airway infections. Nowadays, the indications are changed. This study aimed to determine the causes and early complications of tracheostomy in patients admitted to ICU in Amir-al-Momenin hospital of Zabol during the last 5 years.
This retrospective descriptive study aimed on 100 patients admitted to ICU in Amir-al-Momenin hospital of Zabol from 2010 to 2016. The patients had been surveyed for time, causes and early complications of tracheostomy. Some factors such as age, sex, cause of tracheostomy and its complications and mortality were analyzed with SPSS 22.
In 100 patients, cause of tracheostomy in 80 percent (80 patients) was prolonged intubation, in 14 percent (14 patients) was inability for intubation and in 6 percent (6 patients) were because of other causes.18 percent had early complications of tracheostomy.10 percent affected by infections, 4 percent affected by bleeding, 2 percent had emphysema and 2 percent had inflammation on the site of procedure.
Due to this study, the most common indication of tracheostomy was prolonged intubation and it’s most common complication was infections on the site of the procedure, proposing to choose an appropriate antibiotic and prophylactic care on the site of it from infections.