Thrombosis-Related Factors FV and F13A1 Mutations in Uterine Myomas

Uterine myoma is a common benign, solid tumor in women with reproductive age. Thrombosis factors play a major role in tumor formation and also tumors induce thrombotic processes. Factor V (FV) and factor 13A1 (F13A1) are two thrombotic factors, which their dysfunctions affect the clot formation. FV Leiden, a common mutation in F5 gene, and V34L mutation in F13A1 gene are known to affect the risk of thrombosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine the possible association of FV Leiden and F13A1 Valine to Leucine at codon 34 (Val34Leu) mutations with the risk of developing uterine myoma in the women from south of Iran.
In this case-control study, FV Leiden and V34L mutations were genotyped in 73 myoma patients and 73 healthy subjects using amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). The data were analyzed by logistic regression, χ2 test and SPSS software version 16.0.
Regarding the results, only F13A1 V34L mutation was associated with myoma. The Val allele showed the protective role on myoma among the studied population (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.24 - 1, P = 0.05). In addition, we found that individuals with F13A1 V/V (OR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.005 - 1.8, P = 0.04) and V/L (OR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.006 - 1.98, P = 0.042) genotypes had a significantly lower risk of myoma tumor compared with the other genotype (L/L). Moreover, there was no association between V34L mutation and myoma after adjusting the data for the factor age (P > 0.05).
Our results introduce the F13A1 V34L mutation as an age-related risk factor for myoma.