A review of adipose tissue hormones and their functions in the body

Adipose tissue is recognized as an active endocrine organ that secretes a number of substances referred to as adipokines including: leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, omentin and …which act at both autocrine/paracrine and endocrine level. Adipokines participate in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, feeding behavior, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, adipogenesis, immunity, vascular function, coagulation and ....for example said leptin acts as the sensor for fat mass and its concentration in the blood circulation is correlated with the body fat storage, as result its production increases in obesity. Conversely, adiponectin is only adipokines that has negative relationship with body mass And is involved in glucose and lipid homeostasis. Also expressed that resistin Can be considered a link between obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes. Visfatin has inflammatory and anti-apoptotic ability which can play important role in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Another adipose tissue hormones is omentin which significantly contributes to the reduction of acute phase protein in endothelial cells and therefore can be considered as an anti-inflammatory adipokine. As a resalt understanding the underlying machanisms of adipokines in obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation and other diseases has great importance to reduce the risk factors as well as therapeutic measures. So our understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity, its metabolic side effects as well as different effects of adipokines in this tissue is necessary. Therefore the aim of this study is a brief review on adipose tissue hormones and their function in the body.
The study is done by searching the English and Persian databases like: Pubmed, Google scholar, SID, Iranmedex with terms such as: leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, omentin and adipose tissue hormones between the years 1996 untill 2015, and finally 54 references were studied.