Investigating the Effects of Commodity Exchange on Competition of Pistachios Trade in Iran

The ravages of pistachios market structure in Iran has created numerous problems in the pricing and trading off of this product. In this context, it is important to create a centralized market such as commodity exchange, that decreasing price volatility and as a result improving revenue and competitive conditions of suppliers are its consequences. In this study, one type of transportation model, which is based on maximizing export earnings and minimizing transportation cost, was used for evaluation of effects of the creation of pistachios exchange on competition of producing areas in the field of internal and external pistachios trade. according to the results of this research, under the existence of the commodity exchange, will be added to the number of applicants for the pistachios of Khorasan Razavi, Yazd, and Semnan provinces, but instead Fars, Qom and Qazvin provinces will lose their some markets. Also, while the total exports of pistachios remains constant, but will make changes in the way of export and the exporter provinces. So that it decreases the direct pistachios exports of Kerman province and increases it from Tehran. According to these results, the establishment of the pistachios exchange in the country can change the target markets of major pistachios producing provinces. Also, due to the pistachios production potential in the eastern provinces in Iran, the development of storage and processing industries in these areas could be useful in the management of pistachios demand and supply.