Molecular Study of the Prevalence of Exotoxin A and Alginate Gene in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates in Burn Wounds Samples

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the major nosocomial pathogens with a vast antibiotic resistance and great ability in adaptation with environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance and bacterial detection using Exotoxin A (ETA) and algD genes in patients with burns wound infection.
In this study, 188 samples were evaluated with standard bacteriological methods. After antibiotic resistance evaluation with disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer), specific primers for detection of algD and ETA genes among bacterial isolate were used. All data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Findings: From 188 taken samples, 91 isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibiotic resistance rate for cefotaxime, cefepime, amikacin, ceftazidime, gentamicin, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin and imipenem were 80 (87.9%), 77 (84.6%), 69 (75.8%), 67 (73.6%), 66 (72.6%), 63 (69.2%), 62 (68.2%) and 53 (58.2%), respectively. The prevalence of algD and ETA genes were 88 (96.7%) and 79 (87.0%), respectively.
The high prevalence of algD and ETA genes among burns wound infections demonstrates the increase in pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and problems with burn wound infection treatment. Therefore, accurate and rapid diagnosis of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be useful in taking proper strategy for prevention and treatment of such infections.