Scheduling Parking Lot Area and Charging and Discharging of Electric Vehicles in order to Improve the Reliability of Smart Grids

The use of electric vehicles in combination with microgrids creates many advantages for the power system. Using the ability of transferring electrical power by vehicle's daily travels, reduces the dependence on the electrical system. As a result, it can improve the reliability of the system by reducing the dependence of microgrid to the main grid. This paper intends to optimize the scheduling of parking lot area and the charging and discharging of Electric Vehicles during the hours of the operation time for improving the reliability indices.This improvment including the reduction of the Energy Not Supplied, increasing the independence of the microgrid and improving the spinning reserve. This is achieved along with the satisfaction of the electrical vehicle owners by reducing the mileage to the parking lot. Determining the zone of each parking lot at different hours of the day in the operation time, scheduling parking lot area and the charging and discharging of Electric Vehicles simultaneously, using these issues to improve microgrid's independence, decreasing the Energy Not Supplied, improving the spinning reserve, reducing the distance traveled by vehicles to the parking lot and using the power transmission potential of electric vehicle's daily travels, are the innovations of this study.