Effects of biological, organic, and chemical fertilizers on uptake of N, P, K, grain yield, and essential oil yield in anise (Pimpinella anisum L.)

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of biological, organic, and chemical fertilizers on the uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), grain yield, and essential oil in anisum (Pimpinella anisum L.). The experiment was carried out in the agricultural research field of Yasouj University in 2013, as a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of pure vermicompost (zero, 5 and 10 ton.ha-1), biofertilizer (Azotobacter, Barvar-1), biological phosphate fertilizer (Barvar-2) and the mixed Barvar-1 and Barvar-2, urea fertilizer, nano-biofertilizers and combined treatments of vermicompost (2.5, 5 and 7.5 ton.ha-1) with biological fertilizers Barvar-1,2 and the mixed Barvar-1,2. Results showed that the maximum nitrogen (1.390%) phosphorus (0.290%) potassium (1.866%) and chlorophyll a (0.410 ml.g-1) were obtained by the application of vermicompost at 10ton.ha-1. Also, maximum grain yield (595.90 kg.h-1) and essential oil yield (16.60 kg.h-1) were obtained by the application of vermicompost at 10ton.ha-1, showing no significant difference with combined treatment of vermicompost at 7.5 ton.ha-1 and Barvar-1,2. The minimum values for the study traits were obtained from the control treatment. According to the results, it appears that the application of 7.5 ton.ha-1 vermicompost is the best treatment to produce anise grain yield in organic system.