Association of the Genotypes of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme with the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Khuzestan Province, Iran

The impact of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism on etiology of type 2 of diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well established. Reports show that unlike the II or T2DM genotypes the DD genotype of ACE is correlated with high risk of T2DM.In the present study the relationship between ACE gene polymorphism with the T2DM pathogenesis has been investigated in a population living in Khuzestan Province, Iran.
This case-control study performed on diabetic patients in Ahvaz Province, 99 cases and 100 normal individuals were enrolled in this study. T2DM patients were selected according to the WHO criteria. Blood sample was collected from each patient; DNA was extracted and subjected to PCR amplification using specific primers to identify different ACE genotypes (II, ID and DD).
The chi-square analysis showed that lower frequency of DD genotype in patients is associated with increased risk of T2DM (Odds ratio= 0.273, P=0.004). However in patients suffering from T2DM the ID and II genotypes were significantly increased.
It appears that in T2DM a decrease in DD genotype of ACE and increases in DI and II genotypes is associated with changes in fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, total cholesterol; and blood pressure. These data may suggest that the DD genotype of ACE is associated with T2DM in Khuzestan Province.