The Essence of Human Being Viewed by Reason and Revelation

The popular belief among scientists regarding human essence is that human being is a rational animal. To them, rationality means having the theoretical intellect, i.e. the potential to think and to conceive universal concepts. Therefore, according to the popular viewpoint, man is a rational animal who is able to think. The aim of this article is to prove that the belief in God and having the relationship with Him is a constitutive element of humanity, moreover, the ability of thinking and of conceiving universal concepts. This will be explained by reason and Quranic verses in this writing.Therefore, not only having theoretical reason but also having practical reason is the constitutive element of humanity. Whoever follows the practical reason does good deeds. The requirement of doing good action is having the intention of being closed to God. Similarly, humanity is a hierarchical and fluid fact. Therefore, the essences of human beings are different.The validity of the result of this paper will be clear in using this theory in human rights discussions.