Analysis of the Distribution Pattern of Knowledge-based Corporations in Tehran and its Restructuring Necessity in Context of Globalization

Besides the economic, technologic and other advantages of globalization, this process has shortcomings in various aspects, but overall, the trend is inevitable. Cities as a center of the global management, experience many changes in this process and also have a great impact on the speed and dimension of globalization. Tehran as a capital city of an influential country in the Middle East has no proper place in any ranking of global cities. The position is largely because of its huge population and diplomatic indexes. This research studies the effects of the globalization process and the subsequent need for spatial- physical in conjunction with the urban restructuring. In the first step we address to analyze the physical basis of globalization and the knowledge-based service sector classification as core functions of the global era, in analysis of focuses on Tehran. In this regard, it is designed in two steps: First, Distribution analysis of the advanced producer Service (APS), and second, reviewing the establishment and implementation of locating condition in having physical indexes of the space of global cities. The case study, is the metropolitan area of Tehran and statistical society is more than 7000 companies offering advanced producer services in 7 levels. These sectors include: advertisement and marketing, Electronics and telecommunications, Business, Finance, Accounting, Insurance and designing. The main questions of this study are as following:1-What are the Features, dimensions and indicators of global city?
2- How is the methods of distribution and locating of the advanced producer services (APS) in Tehran?
3- Is Tehran urban space capacity has formed according to the conditions of globalization and global cities?
The hypotheses of the study are as following:1- It seems that Tehran does not have appropriate building regarding to the circumstances and characteristics of globalization.
2- It seems that the distribution and locating of advanced producer services (APS) in Tehran formed centralized.
The functional process of globalization and restructuring the city can be simplified in seven-step process called as “Rescaling of the space” or “Restructuring of the space” according to the Saskia sessen theory. This theory describes how the cities enter into the global economy. In the first part of the study results show centralize structure and mono_centric in the case study while in the second part they represent the most effective access to complementary services and advanced producer services. We found that advanced producer services are mainly located in areas with high level of quality of life and social identity. Despite the establishment configuration functions and advanced producer services in Tehran, it is not consistent with the requirements of the globalization restructuring. Some other results can be noted from this study include:Three layers of spatial distribution can be determined for activities. First layer is the densest areas of activity in the city and involving the most important activities in the city and megalopolis traditional and advanced services. The second layer is the overlapping areas and residential integration and activities especially in the field of commercial activities. The third layer is known as the dominant characteristic residence. Outside the metropolitan area and its three layers, fringe and in the corridors of activities have been established. At first glance, unlike the distribution of premium services in global cities, all advanced services are concentrated in one center and no spatial separation between these activities can be seen. In addition to centralized deployment and polarized in the border regions 6 and 7, corridors of focus also formed in the 3 and 2 regions. In the southern part of Tehran, but in some cases, particularly in areas of 11, 12, the establishment of these advanced services cannot be seen. In conclusion, Tehran is an unplanned location which needs to be under the supervision of urban management. The results show that “Space of flows” pattern in Tehran has not been formed. This pattern forms based on transition from “space of place” to “space of flows”. Distribution and transmittal are based on the “decentralized centralization” and organizational high density and clustering of functions.so the urban management institution should be act in this regard.