Determination of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Probable Areas into the Persian Gulf on Coastlines of Bushehr Province Using Standard Thermal Anomaly Map

Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) is defined as any water subsurface flow from the land into the sea. Recognizing the area having this flow is very important for hydrologic and ecologic studies. For determination of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Probable Areas into the Persian Gulf on Coastlines of Bushehr Province, at first, required corrections (atmospheric, radiometric, and geometric) were made on the obtained thermal band 10 data of Landsat 8 during 2015 and 2016 across the study area using ENVI® 5.3 software. Then, by mapping sea surface temperature (SST) and standard temperature anomaly (STA) and thus determining the minimum shared area of thermal anomalies during 2015 and 2016 by GIS10.3.1 software, SGD probable areas into the Persian Gulf on Bushehr Province coastlines was recognized and mapped. The results show that there are SGD probable areas on Bandar Mogham to Kangan, Kangan to Mond River, Mond River to Shif Island, Bandargah to Ganaveh, and Bandar Rig to Hendijan coastlines with, respectively, 2823, 4165, 6159, 4725, and 4445 hectares. This area on coastlines of Bushehr Province is 22317 hectares discharging into the Persian Gulf that may suppose an Impressive flow. Therefore, surveying more details and quantifying is essential for estimating the precise rate.