Political risk, institutions and entrepreneurship

In institutional approach, the institutional environment that forms the economy is the key determinants of economic behavior and has a major impact on the entrepreneurial dynamics in each country. This paper has investigated the effect of political environment as a factor of country’s institutional framework on entrepreneurship activities. Political risk & instability have negative impacts on the transparency and predictability of the macroeconomic and social environment, the investment rate, duration of policy-makers stays on task, and public policy's durability that the sum of these factors prevent the growth of creativity, entrepreneurship and long-run investment decisions. In this research, the effect of political risk index on entrepreneurship (different types of opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship) has examined in 45 developing and developed countries during the 2008-2015 period. The panel data approach has been used in this paper. The results of this research show that the political risk has a significant negative impact on opportunity entrepreneurship while it has a significant positive impact on necessity entrepreneurship.