Locating the fire stations by civil defense approach Case study: Behbahan City

One of the fundamental principles of passive defense, switching the location of fire stations. Safety of city against accidents, particularly fires in various applications and ensuring the safety of life and property of citizens are the responsibilities of the most important element of city. Fire stations, including vital service centers in cities that have an important role in ensuring the security and safety of citizens and the development of cities. Obviously the timely service of fire stations, more than anything else is requires placement in suitable locations to be able as soon as possible Without encountering obstacles and constraints of the urban environment on the one hand With the creation of the lowest negative to the lives of residents of a town on the other hand to reach the location of the accident and to carry out disaster relief efforts. Therefore can be realized the value of the aid and Reduces latency to help victims of the urban network.Traditional localization of these stations was depending more of the land ownership and the management tastes and so on. Failure of traditional Iranian cities (including Behbahan City) in terms of urban infrastructure such as entanglement facilities, low permeability roadway, particularly in the ruined areas, the importance of civil defense in these areas and localization the fire stations are much highlight.
Now, Behbahan city has two fire stations, which one of them is located in the East and the other in the South West; so the North East and North West of the city are out of coverage.
Behbahan, as one of the traditional cities of Iran, because of centeral dense tissue as well as improper positioning of the existing station, in times of crisis, has the possibility of irreparable damages. The aim of this research is by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), is switching the optimal the location of fire stations in Behbahan is acting. The objectives of this research can be cited review existing fire stations, their performance during disasters, coverage stations available and find the best places to build the new fire station in Behbahan.Using the values from Table 1, the following test matrix for city of Behbahan was formed which in this matrix is visible binary comparison between the criteria for switching the location of fire stations in the city.
Discussion and The characterization of the physical space available stations show that: Eastral station (Central), close to the user in terms of residential, office, medical, law enforcement, education and warehousing centers, the situation is favorable;East station entrance road width is less than 24 meters;
In standard mode, each of the stations, must cover 5 square kilometers, while the status quo, they cover much more areas;One of the problems, congestion and traffic in the central part of the city; According to a radius of 2 km standard performance, none of these stations, not a good situation and in case of an accident in remote areas, these stations can not actually have the necessary performance; According to international standards, within the industrial estate should have a fire station, while the status quo, Behbahan Industrial Park (BIP) in the North West of the city, within any one station is not functional;In the narrow alleys, creating fire hydrants are necessary, but there is not even a tap in these areas (the central district of the city, located in the old pattern).
The results of this research on the case of Behbahan, shows that in this city, two fire stations, one in the East and another in the South West, and according to number of population, per 50 thousand people, 1 station is appropriate. But because of the extent of the city, the two stations are not enough for whole of city and establish another station is essential. Finally, its results can use in optimal localization for the construction of new fire stations that they will be able to cover the entire area.After reviewing existing fire stations in Behbahan, as well as to obtain the weight of each of the criteria for locating the station, the construction of one new site fire department in the northwest part is essential.