The Effect of some Geographical Parameters on the Land Surface Temperature by Using SEBAL and Decision Tree Methods in Taftan Volcanic Cone

Soil temperature and its changing with regards to place and time is not only one of important factors that effects on energy and material exchange but it may be said the rate and direction of all physical processes of soil are temperature dependent directly or indirectly. The Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) is a rather new algorithm used to estimate the temperature and other fluxes on surface in most parts of the world that has satisfactory results. For accessing to the aims of research, at first, the heat map was prepared using SEBAL algorithm and decision tree classification by ArcGIS 9.3 and Envi 4.4 software. On the other hand, we extracted digital model of height, slope, lithology, direction and the dominant landform of the study area. Then, with the aim of studying the statistics of surface temperature at heights, slope, lithology, directions and landforms, the zonal statistical analysis was used. By choosing the ETM image at May of 2011, and because of single heat band, we used from SEBAL method for estimating the surface temperature of the land. In this method, we get the surface temperature was obtained based on corrected heat radian. For computing the emission rate at heat band we need to compute spectrum radian (Lλ), the reflection rate at each band (Pλ) and surface. The results showed a significant correlation between elevation, slope and aspect surface temperature is (respectively: ) Moreover, minimum temperature is in Qa3 formation (new andesite of Taftan) and maximum temperature is in qlu formation (siltstone with lichen with middle layers of tuff andesite). Also the most temperature average is in Ef (sandstone and shill) and the least temperature average in Qla (old andesite flows). It seems that because of andesite formation placement of high and low heights, direction has more important role at the temperature decrease of this formation, by the way, height factor has effect on temperature decrease in this formation. Regarding temperature conditions in geographic directions and different foramtions, could plan for implanting compatible agricultural corps and products and appropriate environmental conditions.