Wettability Alteration in Near-Wellbore Regions of Gas Reservoirs to Mitigate Liquid Blockage Using Super Water- and Oil-Repellent ZnO/SiO2 Nanofluid Treatment

In gas-condensate reservoirs as the bottom hole pressure drops below the hydrocarbon dew point of the reservoir fluid, liquids drop out from the gas phase and establish condensate banking near the wellbore, resulting in lower gas productivity. Changing the reservoir rock wettability from liquid-wetting to gas-wetting has outstanding potential in improving the productivity of gas wells. In this work, we report the highly water- and oil-repellent properties of carbonate reservoir rocks treated with a nanofluid based on synthesized ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposites and fluoro containing materials PTFE, TFE, and PFOS. Carbonate plates coated with the prepared nanofluid exhibits a high contact angle of 162° for brine (contact angle hysteresis=0° and roll-off angle