Kermanshah Qrasvran and Security of Frontier Areas Roads from Constitutional to the End of World War I (1324 - 1336 AH / 1906 -1918 AD)

Kermanshah, from the past, has been in a special strategic position for reasons such as the border with the Ottomans, being on the road to trade and commerce, Holy Shrines in Iraq, and so on. Apart from trade and commerce ply, every year, many pilgrims who carry significant amounts of money crossed the city. The stability and establishment of the security of this region, and the provision of financial security and the lives of passersby, was one of the serious challenges of the central government and the rulers of the province. Protecting and securing the roads of the border areas was more difficult than the internal ones, because when the bandits were prosecuted, they easily crossed the frontier and sheltered along the border. Providing security for these routes was prioritized on tracking bandits. In this regard, and by the authorities, the Qrasvran (road-guard) organization were considered, whose duty was to protect the roads and the safety of routes and passages. Therefore, the matter of this research is the quality and extent of the success of this approach in carrying out affairs, which has been evaluated based on archival documents and descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that, due to unstable political conditions during the study period, the Qrasvran not only did not provide security in the roads, which were the main source of insecurity. However, despite the establishment of the gendarmerie, these forces were not fruitful in Kermanshah, because the tribes saw them as rivals and disrupted and sabotaged their work.