Measurement of Inequality of Public Expenditures on Education

Governments through taxation and budget policies have tried towards a more equitable income distribution. But as long as the structure does not change, these policies bring little consequences. However, the distribution of public spending on education and how people and especially low income household benefit from these expending, can reduce the effect of these inequalities. This study investigates the public spending on education in Northern, Razavi and Western Khorasan provinces during two Years, 1384 and 1390. The method used in the study is the benefit incidence analysis. Concentration curve benefit, income Lorenz curve, Suits coefficient and the Gini coefficient were used for examining the questions. The results show that the distribution of public education spending in each province during the two years reduced, meaning that the upper deciles share of the spending education is greater than lower deciles. Also comparison of Gini and Suits coefficients during the two years (1384 and 1390) shows that despite the decrease in inequality of income distribution spending ,the distribution of spending in 1390 is lower (more unequal) that 1384. Therefore, based on the results of study the hypothesis posed in the first chapter is rejected. This means that the previous government has not been very successful in creating more equality in education in the studied provinces. Considering these results, it is suggested that the government should plan comprehensive programs to support the poor and rural areas to reduce poverty and prevent the spread of illiteracy on the agenda.