The Prediction of Counterfactual Thinking According to Mood and Optimistic Outlook: Study of Iranian Men Athletics League

The purpose of this study was the prediction of counterfactual thinking according to mood and optimistic in 2014 men athletics league. According to Morgan Table, 92 athletics were chosen from 118 athletics. Three questionnaires based on Brunel mood scale, life orientation scale and counterfactual thinking for negative events scale were utilized. A significant positive relationship between downward counterfactual thinking with calmness and optimistic was observed. Also Results showed that, no-referent (self-referent) upward counterfactual thinking had a positive relationship with anger and depression (tension). In other words, the dimensions of mood can be used to predict the direction of counterfactual thinking. The upward (downward) counterfactual thinking which focuses on worse (beter) predicted outcomes is more likely to follow negative (positive) emotions.