Evaluation of bread wheat landraces for nitrogen uptake and use efficiency

In order to evaluation of bread wheat landraces for uptake and nitrogen use efficiency, this experiment was conducted by using 200 kg N ha-1 N fertilization and control (without using N) by spilit plot design based on RCBD with three replications in 2009-2010. The results indicated high genetic variation between native wheat landraces for nitrogen uptake and use efficiency were found. Use of nitrogen caused increasing of gain yield, number of seed per spike, spike number per m2, nitrogen content in grain and straw, grain nitrogen, nitrogen uptake and use efficiency but decreasing of harvest index and 1000 kernel weight. Analysis of variance showed that significant differences were exsit for genotypes in traits of grain yield, 1000 kernel weight, number of seed per spike, spike number per m2, harvest index, nitrogen content in grain and straw, grain nitrogen, nitrogen harvest index, nitrogen uptake and use efficiency. The interaction of Genotypes and nitrogen for all characteristic were found significantly different, except harvest index. The highest grain yields belong to G19, G26, G29, G37 and G41 compared to others. Landraces of G19, G21, G29 and G40 compared to others had highest reaction for grain N concentration and G12, G15, G28 and G31 for straw N concentration. Among relative contribution of N use efficiency components, nitrogen uptake efficiency contribution was about 85% of variation at both N levels. While Contribution of total N utilization and Harvest Index was (2-15%). The better landraces for N uptake efficiency were G9, G11, G27 and G37. In addition, landraces of G19, G26, G27, 37 and G41 were the better genotypes with their charactersitic and high yielding potential.