Semantic and Cognitive Analysis of Hadith of Knowledge of the Soul Based on Initial Interpretations

Implication of self-knowledge on theosophy and relation between soul cognition and God cognition in Islamic culture and different currents of thought has been considered and about this matter various analyses have been done. Meanwhile, Quran exegeses which have extensive amount in Islamic intellectual heritage have important position in this regard. This paper is going to clarify the Quran initial interpreter's viewpoint regarding the position of self-knowledge and its influence on theosophy. This research examines this issue in a semantic and logical way. Semantic analysis shows that in these interpretations self-knowledge has formed in semantic fields of "soul", "knowledge" and "wisdom". Therefore, the commentators in interpretation of the verses containing these vocabulary and expressions explain hadith of Knowledge of the Soul The result shows that according to the initial commentators by assuming the possibility of acquiring knowledge of the soul and without expressing the suspension to the impossible three types of implications are inferred. They are as follow: Allegorical implication, discursive implication, opposite implication of recognizing the attributes of God. The first type has a persuasive value and does not have any proof value, the second is related to the proof of order and the third one has been explained through passing from defect to perfection in the field of attributes of God.