Strategic Planning by SWOT Technique to deal with Flooding, Case Study: the Central Area of Tehran & Karaj Townships

In many parts of the world, events such as floods cause the death of many people and extensive damage. In Iran, the adverse effects of floods are not less than earthquakes and the lack of attention to them has a lot of human and financial losses. Among the causes and origins of the flood event, one of the most common reasons is precipitation. In other words, although in many parts of the country rainfall is low, 60% of the annual rainfall occurs in a day. This factor, along with the formation of many of the cities on the slopes and gradients caused that rain- induced flood is one of the most challenging issues. Studying the flooding in Tehran Province as a capital and one of the Iranian metropolises is essential. The position of Tehran on the slopes and mountains and existence of flood plains causes rain- induced flood becomes one of a major concerns almost in all seasons and is the subject of this paper.
Accordingly, the article aims to use the descriptive-analytical research method to meet the goals of coping, minimizing mortality and financial losses, establish safety and minimizing the probability of a flood caused by precipitation, especially in the central sections of Tehran province which are more vulnerable to the risk of flooding. In this regard, required plans were prepared in GIS software and data have been collected through the study of documents, books, essays and articles. In other part of research, 3 major maps such as hazard map, vulnerability map and risk map were prepared and analyzed.
Findings: Subsequently, SWOT table was formulated and SWOT analytical diagrams such as coordinate axes and adaptation diagrams were drawn. The study concludes that the semi-eastern boundaries of the area should be placed in the priority of resilience. Facilities in western parts of the region are highly vulnerable. The lines of power in the northern and northeastern regions of the area should be explored and monitored continuously. Gas stations in the eastern half of the range have high risk and explosion probability under hazardous conditions. Oil transmission lines are vulnerable in the central, southern, and northeastern regions of the region.
This paper recommends the replacement of fossil fuels with green energies, especially in central, southern, and northeast regions. Capital and assets, especially in the Middle East, are at risk. It is also recommended to consider locations for flood deforestation in the semi-eastern area.