Assessment of Hydraulic Jump Characteristics in Stilling Basins with Indented Bed and Adverse Slope

Stilling basins are the most common energy dissipator structures for depreciation of water energy at super critical speeds, typically are used at down stream of hydraulic structures such as dams and chutes and also in structures of irrigation and drainage networks. A new method using a stilling basin with indented bed and adverse slope, is proposed in this research. The experiments were carried out for upstream Froude numbers in the range of 4.4 to 7.39, with four adverse slopes in the range of zero to -0.02, and also four indented roughness values in the laboratory. The results showed the average decreases of 35 and 49 percent on sequential depths and the relative length of a hydraulic jump, also the average increases of 21 and 14 percent on energy loss and coefficient of bed shear stress of hydraulic jump, respectively, which could reduce the administrative costs of stilling basins.