The analysis of time archetype in Hafez poetry

Jung believed that all of us have a very dark side in our identity which is called the collective unconscious. After analyzing the collective unconscious, Jung applied the concept of archetypes extensively in his works. The images and dispositions resulting from the recurrent experiences of our ancestors in our unconscious mind as well as the contents of the collective unconscious common among all human being are called archetypes. Archetypes including time, mother representation, anima, animus, shadow, self, re-birth and hero are among the most important contents of the collective unconscious. In Jung psychology, time has a very deep, broad and mysterious meaning.
The concept of time is one of the oldest issues that has widely preoccupied the mind of the common folks and intellectuals and has a very prolonged history in the Iranian and world culture in such a way that, they considered time as one of the gods and even the God of the gods. Eternality, permanence, consistency, Alasti testament, paradise, cycle and circle are among the related concepts of time. These concepts are the thousand year old heritages from our parents that have been kept in the deep unconscious mind of human across generations and integrate us into the inception and commencement of the world of being. The poems of Hafez posses a very precious treasure of the time archetypes whose knowledge opens a new horizon to the mysterious world of his poems.
In this research, based on the theories and conceptualizations of the psychologists and literary critics in the field of archetypes, we studied the concept of time in Hafez poem and also investigated the elements of the archetypes of time and its complexities in the poems of this great poet. In his poems, Hafez, ingeniously instill the poem in time and time in poem in the best possible way and represents all the stages of human life from the very beginning of the creation to the end in an unending cycle of human existence. Time is of a special meaning for ancient Persians. They always considered the god of the time as a permanent and eternal superpower. In their conceptualization, from the endless time, limited time has been created and the rest of creation becomes possible through the constant birth of humans. The unlimited time can at different occasions manifest itself differently and show a beam of this permanence. The relationship between the moment and eternality with the part and whole is among the main characteristics of the mythological time. The gradual development of the world from time, according to some experts, indicated that the sky limited the world and controlled it. Such a belief in the eternal time and destiny and the effects of the skies on destiny were transparently influential on the viewpoints of Iranians and many instances of such issues can be noticed in the poems of Hafez.
From the beginning of my existence, I was ordered to do nothing but to be a reclusive person
By no means, ones’ destiny would change in the world of existence (the poem of Hafez)
Myth talks about the holy and celestial events which have taken place in the beginning time and always narrates one story from the first genesis. The poets and intellectuals have more affinity with their unconscious mind in a way that some of magicians claim to have kept and remembered the events before their birth and in the same way, Hafez, through free from the concept of time, has gained insightful inspirations from the beginning of life and loss of time, and he talks about the first experiences from human life.
The best time was the one that passed with friends
The rest was all futile and undesirable (Hafez poem)
Mystics by referring to special events in the mythological time, consider two essential features for it: the first is to make that event holy and the other is to explain it. Referring to past and recognizing the origins of everything provides the possession of magical thinking. Due to the accrual of this sort of knowledge, Hafez considers himself as the ruler of heavens, paradise and even the fate of humans and decides to break the sky ceiling and create new plans, donate heaven to people who accompany him to tavern friend’s drum chastity on the assembly throne and bring the love flag on the skies ceiling.
Hafez’s poem is replete with the firsts like: love, eternity, promise and the beginning time which is continuing to limitless at the end. Hafez has experienced the mystic presence with his elevated soul and mind and represents this archetype through different images. Sometimes by using the words and phrases like night and day at the beginning of being, makes it eternal and sometimes by using words such as sleep and prediction moves forward to the end of life and eternity.
He always desires for heaven because heaven is the eternal place and is the place where time stops. Humans dread death. Belief in the survival and the continuity of life is the mental response to death. In the poems of Hafez, there have been many indications regarding the eternal and long life. The eternal old pattern in myth and poems in the form of escaping from time is meant to be returning to heaven and the perfect eternal welfare in the form of mystical floating in the cyclical time which is illustrative of the concept of death and the limitless rebirth.
Hafez represents the rebirth from all its levels including the physical, spiritual and mental revolution to the experience of real life and the existence of real lover. He pays attention to different types of rebirth. Reaching the beloved one and kissing her lips turns the old into young people. The return of the beloved equals another new life. Heart in the Hafez poem is representative of the archetype of eternal life.
He repeatedly talks about the resurrection and doomsday which are the symbols of entering the heaven, timelessness and chastity.
Sometimes he finds wind as a shelter to relieve him from time, and sometimes probes the birth of body. Crossing sea is the symbol of eternity. Hafez wants us to float in the sea of God presence to relieve ourselves from the disastrous influences of the material world. He himself washes his body to go to the wrack and ruin and then be born again. Water indicates the archetype of eternity and timeless existence. And Hafez refers to it many times. Hafez refers to the fire which represents the concept of resurrection, rebirth and loss of death. He believes that we must behave and act like Jesus to reach the glorious and the shiny realm of eternity.