Rhandeia Peace Consequences; the Invasion of Traian and his Successors to Armenia

With bounding the borders of Iran and Rome at the time of Parthian Mithradates II (124-87 BC), a frequent confrontation started between the two superpowers in order to achieve important bordering areas, especially Armenia. This confrontation led to sign a peace treaty called Rhandeia in 63 AD. According to treaty a branch of the Parthian Royal family (Arshakuni dynasty) took the power in Armenia on the condition of verification and commitment the Roman Empire. The success of the Parthian in investing the kingdom of Armenia to prince of their family, and starting Arshakuni dynasty of Armenia, led to irritate Rome later, because this treaty apparently had put an end to the issue of Armenia in favor of Rome, but indeed it was in favor of Iran so that The Romans were seeking an opportunity to reclaim the lost benefits in Rhandeia Treaty, and the chance was taken in the era of Traian, the power full Roman emperor. The result of this study reveals that the invasion of Traian in the early second century AD, was formed after the failure of Rome from Rhandeia Treaty. Although at first his campaign was successful and could capture Armenia and Mesopotamia, but following that, Parthian defeated Romans by their own way of war and escaped. Hence once again Parthian could gain their impact on this important area, although the tension between the two superpowers and Romans lasted to the end of this dynasty on capturing Armenia.