The Historical Application of Elite Theory and the Pathology of the Role of Agents in the Fragility of Afghan States

The contemporary history of Afghanistan has been accompanied by various internal and external crises. In this regard, the issue of state instability can be considered as the most important one. This important issue has many reasons; therefore, the present articles aims to address the issue with the historical approach and inspiration from the elite theory of paradigm, which is the first cause of the government's fragility in Afghanistan during the years of 2016-1919. The authors of the present study believe that not only the internal and external components, but also the mediate factors, namely the actions and policies of Afghan political leaders and political elites who have often had less ethnic and religious color, were the main cause of the fragility of the government in Afghanistan. These perspectives, not only leads to the elimination of "ethnic fanaticism", "impedance", and "crass ideology" of some existing research on this country, but also enables us to accurately measure the vulnerability and traumatic of the state in Afghanistan.