Verbal Irony in Jāhiz's Fables in the Book of " al-Būkhalā"

One of the most important kinds of ironies is verbal irony which has been utilized in the level, and in this oral method which words meaning, consciously and unconsciously, opposite their real meaning. it is a type of bidirectional and contradictory state in the speech in which words and surface structures lose their dictionary meaning and, implicitly and ironically, are opposite to the narrator’s intended speech. this kind of irony which in Arab literature is known as verbal irony has been applied ridiculously and satirically which some of its uses can be seen in Jāhiz’s fables. This paper investigates the narrations of Albukhala using descriptive-analytical method and evaluates Jāhiz’s wording in describing the parsimonious people and their characteristics from the view of verbal irony in the template of mock, sarcasm, humor, pseudo humor and etc. in order to ridicule the parsimonious people and criticize his contemporary community.