Determination of Optimal Cropping Pattern with an Emphasis on Farmer's Incomes Increase (Case Study: Villages of Chenaran County)

INTRODUCTIONEvery year, 100 million cubic meters of water deficit in the Chenaran plain are witnessed. In addition to the negative effects of rainfall reduction over the last four decades, uncontrolled increases in water retrieval from subterranean reservoirs have been caused by the creation of unlawful wells in agriculture, livestock and industry, and the expansion of complexes A large industrial complex with a large number of production units, increased drinking water consumption has been affected by the growth of Mashhad's metropolitan area. A portion of the drinking water of Mashhad, the supply of water to the industries created in the Mashhad axis of Chenaran and the water needed for industrial settlements Created (at least four settlements) is one of the main uses of water in the region after agriculture. The decrease in the water of the permanent and seasonal rivers of the city, reducing the discharge of springs, gullies and lowering the level of aquifers is one of the main factors limiting the production of agricultural products in the Chenaran. Due to the serious constraints on water resources in the city of Chenaran and the need to achieve sustainable economies for the residents of the village and, consequently, to prevent them from migrating to major cities and to increase farmer's incomes, it is necessary to develop a suitable cultivation pattern.
THEORETICAl FRAMEWORKThe plan for reforming the cultivation pattern is one of the fundamental demands for the region's agriculture, through which, while preserving its sources of production, agricultural activities are economically feasible and also provides for the economic development of the village. The question now is that by cultivating what products in the Chenaran region, with a severe shortage of water and adjacent to the bigger market of Mashhad, can be solved to solve the problems of farmers in this area. Therefore, the attempt has been made to use this method to analyze the hierarchical analysis of AHP And using the TOPSIS model, this issue is to be considered.
METHODOLOGYThe data and statistics required from this study were from Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization and also through face-to-face interviews and completed the questionnaire by simple sampling from 20 expert experts and 20 farmers. Representatives of 8 sample villages of the city (Akhmalad villages, Hakim Abad, Ayyatollah, Kamal Abad, Dolatabad, National, and Mukhnan). Some of this information and statistics have a small aspect, and by referring to the relevant organization's databases, including the Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization as the agriculture manager in the said city Were available, and others were among the qualitative data in this field The achievement of Saeb's optimal judgment was based on the opinion of expert experts and farmers as the target community. The criteria that were considered in determining the optimal cultivation pattern were subdivisions of two main axes: rural economic development and optimal agricultural water management. These criteria consisted of criteria for crop production costs (planting, harvesting and harvesting), revenues from product sales, and guaranteeing purchases and returns of production capital that are debatable in the category of economic development. Also, the performance criteria of cubic water in the production of produce, number of irrigation beds (Water content) and yield per hectare The agricultural management dummies cover. The products that are sampled and dominated by their dominant cultivation in the city, and by a survey of sample farmers and experts to determine the pattern of cultivation have been considered (wheat, barley, rapeseed, sugar beet, potatoes, tomatoes, Alfalfa, forage corn). A model for selecting the criteria for the purpose of study (optimal cropping pattern).
DISCUSSIONIn this research, in order to determine the cropping pattern due to the serious constraints of agricultural water sources in the area under study (Chenaran), it was attempted to determine the pattern of cropping along with water resources management and in addition to focusing on rural economic development and improvement of the level Livelihood of the rural community. In this regard, by determining the criteria such as water consumption per hectare, water yield in crop production, irrigation frequency and pollutant index, income and cost of product production, as well as the criterion of guarantee of sales, was tried using the Dynamic Analysis Method Hierarchy and TOPSIS Model, rather than selecting the best options for determining the cultivar pattern
CONCLUSIONIn this research, in order to determine the cropping pattern due to the serious constraints of agricultural water sources in the area under study (Chenaran), it was attempted to determine the pattern of cropping along with water resources management and in addition to focusing on rural economic development and improvement of the level Hierarchy and topsis model, rather than selecting the best options for determining the cultivar pattern The products are industrial and it is better to take into account the monitoring. Sugar beet planting from the industrial and alfalfa groups of the forage product group is minimized.