Insights into the FTO Gene Impact on Obesity

In 2007, based on genome-wide association studies, FTO gene was discovered. An association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene region with body mass index (BMI) was identified in multiple populations, and indeed it leads to finding FTO gene as the first locus related to obesity. In this review, we explore the genetic epidemiology of FTO and discuss how its complex biology might link to the regulation of body weight.
In the present mini review study, In vivo and In vitro researches of complex biological FTO, have been proposed. Also, association of FTO gene with obesity and obesity-related diseases has been investigated.
The effect of FTO SNPs on obesity traits in African and Asian populations is similar or somewhat smaller than in European populations. FTO SNPs do not influence physical activity levels. Growing evidence from studies suggests that FTO along with subtle changes in food intake confer an increased risk of obesity. Defect in FTO gene creates clear phenotypes in postnatal growth retardation and the developmental problems.