Statistical Analysis of the Behavior of the Arab Tribes Living in Hejaz regarding the Invitation of the Prophet Muhammad

With the advent of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula, its decentralized and undeveloped structure was faltered. Social and political system ruling it, which was based on the tribe, reacted to Islam to survive and to continue his life, and among them some tribes and clans which accepted Islam and recognized it functions, provided a basis for the formation of Islamic State by migration of the prophet of the Islam and the Muslims. The difference in approach of these tribes in two poles of Islam, Mecca and Medina, one of them the origin and the other one a context for spreading the mission of the Prophet, is investigated in this article relating to their Qahtani and Adnani descents. Merchants and nobles of Mecca considered Islam as disruptive for their economic and social system and objected to it because they considered it malfunctioned. Adversely, the farmer people of Medina who wasn’t germane of Qahtani descent, accepted Islam and considered it the Mouthpiece of peace that had functions for them. This article aims to statically analyze the behavior of these tribes and clans, using the theory of Robert King Merton, regarding their relationship with the Qahtani and Adnani descents, in the range of perfect companionship, maximum companionship, half companionship, minimum companionship and non-companionship. The research method is based on analytical-statistical method and data is collected from the library. The findings indicated that Qahtani Arabs had the highest association and Adnani Arabs had the least association with the Prophet of Islam in the twenty-three years of his prophecy. Among the reasons for this fact we can mention the civilization history of Qahtani Arabs, urbanization history, as well as more familiarity with monotheistic religions, and also, permanent settlement of them in the same land which has raised their tolerance threshold to accept new cultures.