Controlling the Negative Pressure Caused by Water Hammer in Water Conveyance Pipe Lines Using Hydropneumatics Tank and Air Valves (A Case Study of Mehran City, Ilam Province)

Whenever and for any reason the velocity of the fluid ceases in the transfer line or water distribution networks, pressure waves will form in the pipe lines, which can produce a pressure several times more than a pressure pump’s output and lead to a great deal of tension on network’s components, which in turn will cause the water hammer phenomenon. Today, in every water transfer project, a detailed study on the water hammer phenomenon is essential, so that with a full recognition of this process’s adverse effects, the adequate measures would be taken to deal with it.This study uses Water Hammer V8i software to analyze the water hammer of Mehran city’s border terminal water conveyance pipe. The study was executed in 3 phases of simulation with protective equipment, without the protective equipment and with consultant’s recommended equipment. The results indicate that in the phase without the protective equipment, a great deal of negative pressure builds up along the water conveyance pipe line that needs to be controlled. In the next step, various combinations of Hydropneumatic tank and air valves were suggested. The results of several simulations showed that a 2 square meter Hydropneumatic tank and 3 fifty millimeter air valves will be capable of controlling the negative pressure along the pipe line.