Identification of some putative parasitism effectors of Heterodera cruciferae, Franklin, 1945 on cabbage

Cabbage cyst nematode (Heterodera cruciferae, Franklin, 1945) is a nematode that probably due to less geographical distribution and relatively lower crop losses in comparison to related species has gained less attention. All members of Brassicaceae and some species of Lamiaceae are infected by the nematode. Cabbage cyst nematodes was observed in vegetable growing areas of suburb of Tabriz on cabbage and some weeds such as Chenopodoum album, Sonchus asper and Sisymbrium loeselii as well. A population of this nematode collected from the infected vegetable fields of Tabriz and its identity was confirmed based on morphological, morphometrical and molecular data. Propagation and maintainance of the nematode was carried out on its main host (white cabbage and kohlrabi) under greenhouse conditions. RNA was extracted from the nematode and transcriptome of the population including third, fourth stage juveniles and adult females analysed. The results revealed that most already reported parasitism genes from other plant parasitic nematodes such as potato cyst nematode, sugar beet cyst nematode, reniform nematode and pine wood nematode are expressed in cabbage cyst nematode, too. Furthermore, it was found that, β-1,4-endogluconase, 14-3-3, glutathione peroxidase, pectatelyase, chitinase, major sperm protein, calreticulin, calmodulin, venum allergen like protein, ubiquitin extension protein, peroxiredoxin, chorismate mutase, aldolase, annexin, galectin, VRFamid receptor and arginine kinase could be considered as a part of the nematode parasitism effectors. All sequences were deposited in NCBI.