Comparing the levels of self-criticism, perceived stress, and positive and negative effects in mothers of student with and without learning disorders

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of self-criticism, perceived stress, and positive and negative effects in mothers of student with and without learning disorders. The study method was casual-comparative. The study population consisted of all mothers of student with and without learning disorders in the academic year 1395-96. The sample of study was chosen using the convenient sampling method. To collect the data, self-criticism, perceived stress, positive and negative affect scales were used. The data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).The results showed that the levels of self-criticism (internal criticism, self-criticism comparison), negatively perceived stress and negative effect on the mothers of students with learning disorders were higher than mothers of students without learning disorder and also perceived stress (positive) and efect (positive) among mothers of students without learning disorder were higher than mothers of students with learning disorder.