The study of Lessee's Guarantee Condition as to the Substance of Lease in Imamiyya Jurisprudence
Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:
This article studies the validity of providing for the lessee’s guarantee as to the substance of lease and proves that such a provision is not contrary to the requirements of lease; since unlike deposit, the nature of this contract is not entrustment (istīmān). The inconsistency of this provision with the Holy Qur’an and tradition is worth studying both from the viewpoint of its inconsistency with specific proofs of lease as well as lack of its causality for guarantee. The absoluteness of the lessee not being guarantor includes the case of provision and non-provision of such a condition in the contract. In case of doubt, the application of istiṣḥāb principle (presumption of continuity) results in nonexistence of guarantee. Also, one of the rules of lease is the requirement of making the substance of lease available for the lessee to exploit the profits and enjoy them and the requirement of lessee’s dominance as to the substance is proved from the Imamiyya jurisprudence viewpoint. Therefore, the condition may not deprive the owner from a proprietary right derived from contract which is based on Sharia. Such a proprietary right is considered to be an order i.e. a Sharia enactment against which the parties may not agree. Therefore, the provision of lessee’s guarantee as to the substance of lease is contrary to the Qur’an and tradition. Also, in interpreting article 493 of the Iranian Civil Code, in which merely excessive use or negligence are causes of guarantee and the guarantee provision has not been dealt with, one may use this viewpoint justifiably and treat such a condition as void. The method of this article is descriptive-analytic of ijtihādī (discretionary) type.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Jurisprudence and the Fundaments of Islamic Law, Volume:50 Issue: 2, 2018
Pages:
309 to 327
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