Chemical Diversity in the Essential Oil from Different Plant Organs of Salvia sahendica Boiss. & Buhse

In the present study, variability in the essential oil content and composition of different plant organs (leaf, flower, stalk and root) of Salvia sahendica were studied. The hydro-distilled essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS to determine their chemical composition. The essential oil content (w/w %) was in the order of: leaf (1.2%)> flower (0.6%)> stalk (0.06%)> root (0.04%). The total number of compounds identified and quantified were 44 in leaf, 46 in flower, 42 in stalk, and 45 in roots, representing 99.6, 99.3, 98.2, and 99.4% of the total essential oil, respectively. β-Pinene (3.5-16.0%), manool (0.0-13.7%), abietatriene (0.0-11.2%), α-pinene (7.2-12.2%), trans-meta-mentha-2,8-diene (1.2-11.1%), linalool acetate (3.2-10.7%), bornyl acetate (2.8-9.4%), bicyclogermacrene (3.6-9.3%) and 1,8-cineol (2.0-8.5%) were the major compounds in all plant organs. Cluster analysis of the essential oil components grouped studied plant organs into two main clusters. Leaf and stalk were divided from the flower into two sub-clusters. Root was indicated in the second main group. Chemical diversity of the essential oil of S. sahendica plant parts can be considered by medicinal plants breeders and pharmaceutical industries for breeding and processing uses.