The Typology of Tiraz Textiles in Egyptian Fatimid Caliphate based on Original Form, Motifs and Composition

An Ismaili Shia Islamic caliphate, Fatimid was able to make Egypt independent in the Islamic world for the first time, flourishing many arts and turning Cairo into the major center of Islamic civilization and art. Tiraz textile, which is one of the most prominent textile samples and created by the creativity of Islamic artists, was abundantly produced during this era and played a significant role in royal affairs. In addition, Tiraz was the prominent Islamic textile in terms of political, social and artistic issues. Considering form elements, there are several types of Tiraz; therefore, the most important subject of this research is recognition of the form and structure of this textile and its typology based on form. In this research, descriptive-analytical method with a typology approach was used, and 15 pieces of Fatimid Tiraz were used as samples, selected from Metropolitan Museum of Art and Victoria Albert Museum using purposive sampling. According to the results of the research, identification patterns and form-based on the main frame, typology on based form and classification of images on based written kofic character and type of patterns. Classification of components detect, bulk of Fatemid Tiraz. Design and weaved in row horizontal gracile and abroad rows with written Kofic character with few diversity animal and herb motifs in lattice and geometric cadres. At usage of textile for divers consumptions (reign arbiter, king robe, gift) has been differ type of decorative and weaving