Study about the transformation of the nature of public activism territory from the Iranian- Islamic city to Iranian contemporary city

Establishing cities on Islamic period in Iran with emphasis on the role of mosque and development of squares as urban spaces in harmony with this element have been most progressive reflection from Islamic ideology in a Physical-social form. In this system, the possibility of the presence of a Unified Ummah arose in the city spaces and provides a suitable situation to public activism. Later, some elements were imposed on the structure of the city by improper copying of Western modernity that was searched the reason for its existence in the car presentment. The consequence of this sudden change was breaking the public scope relation, reduction of social – structural values of Iranian – Islamic city and the growth of quasi-urban conditions that was named contemporary city. Islam contains the principles of the social system. These principles are developed according to adaption Muslim’s lifestyles with the purpose and message of Islam. Following these principles, such Early Muslim community will cause coordinated social and physical environments and ignoring them will be adversely impacted the physical and social life of Muslims. anyway, for define, restoration and creation the public spaces in cities we must pay attention to issues such as explain the theoretical principles derived from the Islamic ideology, measuring the efficiency of public spaces in contemporary periods and recognition of social, religious - cultural and physical values of historical specimens and finally effort to their wisely design as an important part of city. Naturally, all of these stages must be done in cultural context of Iran and the Islamic ideologies governing it and using the imported methods and techniques will be correct and possible after testing with the principles and values of such described space. Architecture and Urban Planning of the Islamic period in Iran are separated itself from other cultures from this perspective that has combined the spiritual and physical values in converge whole. Utilizing the principles governing them (and not only repeat the physical aspects) could help to change the status quo of our cities and meanwhile accordance with traditional principles, he also provides the requirements of modern life. What is gone from the face of cities, healthy social relations and solidarity and collective identity? Weakening of social relationships as a result of poor quality of the public realm of the city, is the most important problems of our contemporary cities. This article has been done with describing – analytical method and its aim is recognizing differences of public spaces between Iranian – Islamic cities and cotemporary cities and illustration the role of public spaces in them. Therefore, we are explained both types of space in the neighborhood and city scales with an understanding of content analysis. The results of this research shows a significant transformation in form and content of urban spaces and shows the protection, improving the quality and coordination of traditional public spaces with the modern needs and provide the reach urban spaces are necessary to preserve the identity of Islamic – Iranian cities.