Landslides susceptibility mapping using fuzzy logic and AHP

IntroductionLandslides are widespread gravitational processes, controlled by various factors related to geology, geomorphology, hydrology, climate and land use, all of them having a significant potential impact on the environment and human society. Generally, they are defined as down slope movements of rock mass, debris, or earth under the direct influence of gravity. Landslides are one of the most dramatic natural issues along with earthquakes, floods and weather-related events. Much has been written on the impacts of landslides on the total environment, including effects on people, their homes and possessions, farms and livestock, industrial establishments and other structures, and lifelines. Landslide is defined as the movementof a mass of rock, debris or earth down the slope, when the shear stress exceeds the shear strength of the material. This movement may be fast or slow, typically depending on the amount of water present in the mass.
Landslides in mountainous areas due to their hazardous nature usually morphology suddenly disrupted and major damage to residential areas, roads, farmland and imports. When human activities affect this process to become a dangerous phenomenon. Iran, due to favorable geographical conditions, poor management and failure to comply with the environmental threshold, as a country is risky. Due to the potential for landslides in the study area and the presence of traces and evidence of frequent landslides in the area, mapping landslide susceptibility and to provide guidelines for risk management, seems necessary.