A Comparative Study on the Effect of Religiosity and Gender Attitudes on the Childbearing Intention by Gender in Tehran

According to numerous studies that show different effects of religiosity and gender attitudes on the childbearing intention and gender differences in this area, this study aims to assess the impact of religiosity and gender attitudes on the number of children intended. Survey statistical population, was married people in Tehran and using cochran formula and suitable design effect has been selected 1272 married men and women so that age of women in their family was 15 to 49 years. The multi-stage cluster sampling method and questionnaire were used and Pearson correlation and path analysis were used to analyze the data. Survey was conducted through multi-stage cluster sampling and questionnaire instrument while Pearson Correlation and Path analysis were employed for data analysis. The findings indicate that tendency of people toward religion is relatively high and gender equality attitudes are widely seen. Women are more religious and egalitarian than men, so that about 60 percent of men and 70 percent of women have modest and higher religiosity and about 50 percent of men and 70 percent of women report high-level gender equality attitudes. The results of path analysis indicate that the number of children descended in both sexes is influenced by religiosity and gender attitudes, and religiosity has an impact on the number of children being targeted more than gender attitudes. the same pattern were observed in the influence of religiosity and gender attitudes on childbearing intention and gender differences were also observed. Research results suggest that adopting appropriate policies can be helpful in achieving the desired population.