The Irreversible Principles of the Constitution and the Examination of Their Validity

To safeguard itself and the ruling political system, the Constitution declares some principles unchangeable and unamendable which their content is formulated in accordance with cultural and political conditions, historical events, customs, norms, social relations and religious beliefs in every country. These inalienable principles serve as an assurance of maintaining the ruling system in power and securing the spirit and essence of the Constitution. Nearly all the Constitutions of the world declare these principles as red lines considering them as the creator of the Constitution. The content of these principles which fall into different categories, better delineates the conditions governing any country. Some of these principles have a religious content while some others are based on secularism or laicism; some emphasize on the ruling system to be a republic, while others accentuate on its kingdomship. But from a long time ago, there’s been an argument over legal validity or invalidity of the principles among western legal scholarships. Important for Constitutional Revision is the explanation of the theories regarding legal validity or invalidity of these principles. In this article, in addition to broaching the unchangeability theory of these principles and their foundation beside the categorization of their content, the views of the scholarships and their reasons for and against the legal validity or invalidity of these principles are clarified. Furthermore, the alteration and transformation of generations and the compliance or noncompliance of the national sovereignty right with these principles are analyzed.