Critical Approach of Imamiyah's Theologians in Islamic Theology

The science of Islamic theology was formed in the second and third centuries of the Hijri as an independent knowledge with specific rules and methods. In this regard, the Shiite theologians, with the centrality of personalities such as Hisham bin Hakam, Hisham bin Salem, Momen Taq, and Fazl ibn Shazan, played a unique role in the formation and development of it; Even in scientific academia, Imamiyah's Theologians were more well-known than the other theologians like Mutazilites, Khavarej and Morjeies and they were superior than them; They put forward new theories in the light of the teachings of the Ahlul-Bayt (as) and wrote important works on various theological issues and nurtured students who played important role in the formation and perfection of theology. Books written by Shia scholars to refutes others in theological issues are one of the most important indicators of this active presence and significant engagement. These books, in addition to criticizing the ideas of non-Muslims such as Christians, Manicheans, Hindus and Jews, refuted and criticized the opinions of Islamic other theologians such as Mutazilites, Khawarij, Morje’e and Ahl Hadith. This approach has been specifically analyzed and explained in this paper, because it has brought about the growth of theology and the history of thought.