Methodology of Philosophical Rationalism in Islamic Theology

The method of “rationalism” is a general term that refers to any system of thought that gives a major role to reason. The method of rationalism is divided into philosophical rationalism and non-philosophical rationalism. The "method of philosophical rationalism" is a philosophical approach to theological doctrines that attempts to present a rational explanation of theological doctrines, using the methodology, foundations, and philosophical literature. Through this research, it becomes clear that the components of the philosophical rationalism method are: the focus on rational certainty; the foundation of theoretical propositions on self-evident ones; the use of philosophical rules and the use of philosophical language. The works of the theology, which are based on the philosophical rationalist method, often have the same mode of compilation, in which, before entering into the problems of theology, a series of epistemological and philosophical issues, that underlie the study of the problems of theology, are raised.