An Exploration into the Place of the Ritual Ceremony of Ashura Day in Ilam City (With emphasis on 22 Bahman Square and Jihad intersection)

Regulations can be interpreted as customs that have evolved over the years and define and set people relations with community, environment and history in a symbolic space. Rituals and ceremonies have roots in beliefs, feelings and people's social identity; for this reason, often they are held spontaneously by individuals. Ashura rituals is also a collective ritual that is repeated every year and affects the body and appearance of cities, Such a way that all the elements of the ritual and ceremony was effective on the audience and with each iteration and repetition, they become evocative and identity factors and create ritual landscape for cities.
In this research, using documentary and field studies, it was determined that carrying out the Ashura Day’s ceremonies in "Jihad intersection" or "22 Bahman Square” and routes leading to these places lacked historical background and in recent decades have been chosen by the municipal and provincial authorities. Also, there is no consistency with the human centers for collecting and is chosen only based on urban index and the confluence of several streets or the primal and central core of the city. Despite the abundance of high population in these two areas on Ashura day, there is no attention to anthropology and the wishes of mourners and interfere of various classes of society with different ages and demographic stratum abundantly is visible. In this regard, due to the existence of delves between these two urban area, Jihad intersection has better potential and merits than 22 Bahman square which requires more maneuver’s such as changes in the urban landscape of the region to infuse a sense of ownership to that place and create visual view related to the topic, determining suitable places for spectators, changes in forms of motion and etc.