Relationship of Quantitative Geomorphological Indices Using Fractal Dimension

The Hydrographic network system is a function of lithological factors (hardness, permeability, quality and quantity of joints and gaps), and structural agents (the status of stretching and slope of the layers, the presence or absence of faults, etc.). Therefore, the characteristics of the waterways (flow, density, type and shape) are a function of the status of the rock and the roughness of each region. In this study, four geological formations including alvand granite, chlorite hornfels, marl limestone and screw styrite were selected. In each formation, a 2 km 2-kilometer plot was installed randomly-systematically in each formation, and to investigate the drainage network of The Australian method and a better comparison of the fractal dimension are also used. Also, in order to study the erosion of rocks and their role in damaging the northwestern formations of Alvand Mountain, microscopic sections were performed with sampling of granite, schist and hornfels rocks. The erodibility map was prepared and compared with the results of fractal dimension and drainage network. In this study, in first 4 geology formation that including Alvan granite, Cordierite hornfels, marly limestone and Staurolite schist was selected and then each zone of geology formation, set a plot with the size of 2*2 km as randomly and extract drainage network of each formation and then the fractal dimension of them were be calculated. Comparison of fractal dimension showed that maximum and minimum of fractal dimension related to Cordierite hornfels and Alvan granite with 1.33 and 1.22, respectively. On the other hand, the result showed that graphical and mathematical fractal dimension in 4 geology formation, have correlation coefficient upper 99 percent. The results showed that with increasing fractal dimension, with the parameter drainage, erosion of geological formations increases. The results from the mineralogical study of microscopic sections show that granite rocks are less erodible than schist, hornfels and lime and marn against erosion.