Lexical Capacities of the Word فقیر and Its Synonymous on the Relation of Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic (A Survey in Nahj ul-Balaghah)

The poor or fuqara has been one of the most notable social groups for Imam Ali (a). Addressing state officials and the public, Imam emphasizes on the poor, their rights and the necessity for supporting them. The notability of the paper is reflected to the question: which groups of the people have been known as the poor for Imam and what is the duty of the official men in relation to them? In the paper, the lexical points of the word ÝÞیÑ in Nahj ul-Balaghah with regard to the relation of syntagmatic and paradigmatic has been studied. In Nahj ul-Balaghah, the word ÝÞیÑ has been associated with such words and phrases as ãӘیä, Ãåá ÇáÈÄÓی, Òãäی, ÞÇäÚ, ãÚÊÑø, ÖÚیÝ, ÓÇÆá, ãÏÝæÚ, ÛÇÑã, ÇÈä ÓÈیá and replaced with Ãåá ÇáÍÇÌÉ, ãÍÊÇÌیä, Ãåá ÇáÝÇÞÉ, ÛóÑËی and ÓóÛóÈ. Therefore, it has been made clear that some kind of need may be found in all associated words with ÝÞیÑ as there may be found different degrees of need in them. As understood by Imam`s speech, it is a necessary duty for all men of state and peoples to support the poor.